When your students encounter a word problem do they think, “I need to give you a number” or “I need to make sense of this situation”? Lynn Girolamo, a district math interventionist in Rochester, NY, calls the former phrase an example of the “Culture of Number Crunching.”
In her talk, she suggested shifting from a mindset of keyword spotting and number picking to a culture of sense making. (Need a refresher about why it’s best to avoid the pitfalls of keywords, see here.)
Girolamo recommends applying literacy strategies to math word problems to build these sense-making skills. She developed the following “Thinking Steps for Solving Word Problems:”
- Think and Picture It (Visualize): What is the story mostly about? What’s the main idea? Describe who is doing what.
- Think About the Details: What do I know from the story? This is where numbers come in—think about the quantities and units.
- Think About the Question: What do I need to figure out from the story? This might require re-reading.
- Do: What can I do to figure out the answer to the question? What equation would match the solution?
- Check: Ask: Does my work make sense? Is my work complete and correct?
With her students, Girolamo specifies, “no pencils for first three steps,” so they focus on thinking and discussing BEFORE computing.